Dialectics of the Individual and the Collective in the Populist Philosophy of Solidarity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52575/2712-746X-2026-51-1-5-12Keywords:
Russian Narodnichestvo, history of philosophy, personal sovereignty, dialectic of the individual and the collective, individualism, collectivismAbstract
The main purpose of the study is to identify and analyze the philosophical content of individualistic and collectivist theses in populist concepts of social solidarity. The dialectic of the individual and the collective is generally characteristic of the socio-philosophical searches of Russian thinkers of the 19th century, who were engaged in the problems of human liberation and the establishment of social justice. In populist discourse, the phenomenon of solidarity was defined through various concepts – “mutual assistance”, “universal solidarity”, “simple cooperation”, etc. In those concepts of the populists, which are characterized by a clearly expressed “sociological individualism”, despite the recognition of society as an abstraction and the individual as an objective reality, it was nevertheless asserted that in organizing a just community, the interests of the individual and the interests of society would coincide. In collectivist concepts, the idea of personal interests did not dissolve in the interests of the collective, but, while retaining its autonomous significance, it faded into the background. It was precisely the collectivist agenda in the philosophy of solidarity that prevented the populists from theoretically developing a consistent concept of the sovereignty of the individual.
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