Collective Security Systems: Historical and Comparative Legal Aspects

Abstract

The basic principles of international security that were formed during the 20th century, such as the principle of equal security, the principle of indivisible security, are being leveled by Western countries in the 21st century and, above all, the United States, which is unacceptable in a multipolar world. In this regard, there is a need to revise the principles of security, taking into account the new architecture of international relations. The purpose of this work is to identify the features and problems of collective security systems within the framework of the League of Nations and the United Nations. In the course of the study, through a comparative legal analysis of the functioning of these systems in different historical periods, it was found that there is a continuity of two systems of collective security. Despite significant changes, the modern system of collective security operating within the framework of the United Nations retains a serious drawback, which is expressed in the direct dependence of its effective functioning on the will of representatives of the leading states of the world, and sometimes even one state, a permanent member of the UN Security Council, which turns this system into a "dead" mechanism. The authors formulated a proposal that the modern system of collective security operating within the framework of the United Nations should be adjusted in accordance with the new conditions of a multipolar world based on national and cultural traditions and the fundamental principles and norms of international law, acting as the basis of international relations.