Nation and Nationalism in the Context of the Development of Modern Societies: Domestic and Foreign Experience

Abstract

The specifics and forms of manifestation of nationalism in connection with the modernization of societies on the basis of the dissemination and introduction into the mass consciousness of ideas about a sovereign nation that can include the majority of citizens of the country, giving them political rights are considered. It is noted that the image of a civil nation played an important role in the formation of horizontal ties and solidarity during the transition from the class stratification of society to its predominantly class structure during the formation of capitalism. The features of the formation of ethnic nationalism as a result of the politicization of ethnic subjectivity, taking into account the spread of the right of nations to self-determination, are shown. In conclusion, it is concluded that the historical (Soviet) heritage of Russia, which includes the institutionalization and territorialization of ethnic nationalism of minorities, prevents the formation of an all-Russian nation on the basis of a developed civil identity.